UNIT 1 B.1-B.4 VOCAB TERMS

MATTER: anything that occupies space and has mass

• ex. solids, liquids, gases

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: properties that can be observed and measured without changing the chemical makeup of the substance

• ex. density, freezing point of water, boiling point, melting point

DENSITY: the mass of material within a given volume. Water: 1g/mL, 1g/cm^3

WATER FREEZING/MELTING POINT: 0°C or 32°F

WATER BOILING POINT: 100°C or 212°F

AQUEOUS SOLUTION: water-based solution

SURFACE TENSION: shows the strong intermolecular force that holds water molecules together

MIXTURE: when two or more substances combine and the substances retain their individual properties. The components of a mixture can be separated by physical means

• ex. foul water 

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE: composition is not the same, or uniform, throughout

• ex. foul water (coffee grounds), suspension 

SUSPENSION: solid particles are large enough to settle out or can be separated by using filtration

• ex. water + coffee grounds and water + small pepper particles 

TYNDALL EFFECT: the scattering of light that indicates that small, solid particles, are still in the water

COLLOID: the small, solid particles that remain still in the water. Make liquid cloudy

• ex. whloe or low-fat milk 

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE: a mixture that is uniform throughout 

SOLUTIONS: homogeneous mixtures (such as salt solution)

SOLUTE: salt in a salt solution; dissolved substance

SOLVENT: water in a salt solution; dissolving agent

PARTICULATE LEVEL: the level of atoms and molecules

ATOMS: building blocks of matter. all matter is made of atoms

ELEMENT: matter that is made up of only one kind of atom

• ex. hydrogen, oxygen 

COMPOUND: a substance that is composed of the atoms of two or more elements linked together chemically in certain fixed proportions

• ex. water (H20) 

CHEMICAL FORMULAS: represent compounds

• ex. C8H18

SUBSTANCE: all elements and compounds. has a uniform and definite composition, as well as distinct properties

MOLECULE: the smallest unit of a molecular compound that retains the properties of that substance (smallest representation of the substance) ex: H2O molecule represents water

CHEMICAL BONDS: hold atoms of molecules together

MOLECULAR COMPOUND: such as H2O