2SBS #9-22 pg. 151
9.
·
It is much more difficult to process and refine active
metals as opposed to less active metals because metals that are more active
combine with other elements which then form compounds; however, less active
metals stay unconnected.
10.
·
Silver would most likely be the easiest to process since
it does not react; thus, it does not combine with other elements or metals.
11.
·
Most elements exist in nature as minerals as opposed
to pure metallic elements since they are more reactive.
12.
·
Reaction A is more likely to occur. This is due to the
fact that chromium is less reactive than calcium.
13.
·
Reaction B is more likely to occur because zinc is
more reactive than silver; thus, putting a reactive metal in a solution that is
not reactive would trigger a reaction.
14.
•
A. It wouldn’t be a good idea to stir a solution of
lead nitrate with an iron spoon because the iron would cause a reaction since
it is more reactive then lead.
•
B. Pb2(aq) + Fe(s) à
Pb(s) + Fe2(aq)
15.
·
Oxidation means the loss of at least 1 electron that
causes a metal to become a cation or an aqueous solution, and reduction is the
gain or loss of electrons that causes a cation or aqueous solution to balance out;
thus becoming a metal.
16.
•
A. Au3+ + 3e à Au
•
B. V à V4+ +
4e-
•
C. Cu+ à Cu2+ +
e-
17.
•
A. reduction
•
B. oxidation
•
C. reduction
18.
•
A. Zn was oxidized b/c 2 electrons were lost. It went
from a solid to an aqueous solution/
•
B. Ni was reduced b/c 2 electrons were gained. It went
from an aqueous solution to a solid/metal.
•
C. The reducing agent was Zn.
19.
•
A. K+ was oxidized b/c it lost an electron. It became an
aqueous solution.
•
B. Hg was reduced b/c it gained 2 electrons. It became
a solid.
•
C. The oxidizing agent was Hg2+.
20.
•
A. Al + Cr3
à Al3 +
Cr
•
B. Mn2 + Mg à Mn +
Mg2
21.
•
A. Electrometallurgy uses an electrical current to decrease
metal ions by supplying electrons.
•
B. Pyrometallurgy heats metals and ores to change
metal cations to atoms.
•
C. Hydrometallurgy uses reactants in water solutions
to take care of ores and other metal-containing substances.
22.
•
A. Magnesiumà Electrometallurgy.
•
B. Leadà Pyrometallurgy.
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